Description

TNF-alpha (tumor necrosis factor alpha) is an important cytokine produced by numerous cell types including neutrophils, activated lymphocytes, macrophages and NK cells. It plays a critical role in inflammatory responses and in apoptosis. TNF-alpha is believed to mediate pathogenic shock and tissue injury associated with endotoxemia. TNF-alpha exists as a multimer of two, three, or five non covalently linked units, but shows a single 17 kDa band following SDS PAGE under non reducing conditions. Although it has little effect on many cultured normal human cells, TNF-alpha appears to be directly toxic to vascular endothelial cells. Other actions of TNF-alpha include stimulating growth of human fibroblasts and other cell lines, activating polymorphonuclear neutrophils and osteoclasts, and induction of interleukin 1, prostaglandin E2 and collagenase production. TNF-alpha is currently being evaluated in treatment of certain cancers and AIDS Related Complex.

References
1. Knowlton KU. Yajima T. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2004,Sep 15, 44(6):1298-300. 2. Reynolds JL. Ignatowski TA. Gallant S.et al. Brain Res. 2004,Oct 8, 1023(1):112-20. 3. Dulak J. Tomala K. Loboda A. et al. Life Sci. 2004,Oct 8, 75(21):2573-86.

Specification
Aliases	DIF; TNFA; TNFSF2; TNF-alpha
Entrez GeneID	7124
Swissprot	P01375
clone	2A9B9
Host/Isotype	Mouse IgG1
Antibody Type	Primary antibody
Storage	Store at 4°C short term. Aliquot and store at -20°C long term. Avoid freeze/thaw cycles.
Species Reactivity	Human
Immunogen	Recombinant Human TNF-alpha (BioSource company, Cat.No. PHC3013)
Formulation	Ascitic fluid containing 0.03% sodium azide.

Application
ELISA	1/10000